Basidiomycetes
Pluteus petasatus
EOL Text
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Sambucus nigra
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Populus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Corylus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Carpinus betulus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Betula
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Alnus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Fagus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Fraxinus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Salix
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Ulmus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Broadleaved trees
| Pluteus salicinus | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 |
gills on hymenium |
  |
cap is convex or flat |
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hymenium is free |
 |
stipe is bare |
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spore print is pink |
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ecology is saprotrophic |
  |
edibility: psychoactive or edible |
Pluteus salicinus is a widely distributed psychedelic mushroom that grows on wood. It is an edible mushroom after parboiling.[2]
Contents
Taxonomy[edit]
The species was originally described by Christian Hendrik Persoon as Agaricus salicinus in 1798.[3]Paul Kummer transferred it to the genus Pluteus in 1871.[4]
Description[edit]
- Cap: 2 — 5(8) cm in diameter, convex becoming broadly convex to plane, silver-gray to brownish-gray, often with blue or greenish tint in age, smooth, with tiny scales near the center, darker at the margin, slightly translucent-striate when moist, unlined cap margin, flesh white with a grayish tinge, thin to moderate. Cap skin fibrous.
- Gills: Crowded, broad, free, at first white, becoming pink-flesh colored; ventricose. Edges discoloring or bruising grayish.
- Stipe: 3 — 5(10) long, 0.2 — 0.6 cm thick, more or less equal or slightly swollen at the base, flesh white with grayish-green to bluish-green tones, especially near the base. Ring absent. Firm, full or stuffed.
- Taste: Unpleasant, indefinite or somewhat raphanoid (like radish).
- Odor: Unpleasant, indefinite or somewhat raphanoid.
- Spores: pink, smooth, 7 — 8.5 x 5 - 6 µm. Spore print pink-flesh colored to brown-pink.
- Microscopic features: Pleurocystidia fusiform with slightly thickened walls 50 — 70 x 11 — 18 µm; with 3 — 5 horn-like projections.
Habitat and distribution[edit]
This mushroom is widely distributed across Europe and the United States. It is often found on alder and willow. It is always found growing on wood. Summer-fall, solitary or gregarious on dead wood of hardwoods, in damp forests on flood-plains.
Common Name[edit]
The 'Knackers Crumpet' is a localised, common name referring to Pluteus salicinus. Its use is most prominent in the North of England.
Chemistry[edit]
The concentration of psilocybin and psilocin in the dried sample of P. salicinus has been reported in the range of 0.21-0.35 and 0.011-0.05%, respectively.[5][6]
See also[edit]
-
Pluteus salicinus specimens.
References[edit]
- ^ "Pluteus salicinus (Pers.) P. Kumm. 1871". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ^ Konuk, Muhsin; Afyon, Ahmet; Yağız, Dursun (September 2006). "Chemical composition of some naturally growing and edible mushrooms". Pakistan Journal of Botany 38 (3): 799–804. ISSN 0556-3321.
- ^ Icones et Descriptiones Fungorum Minus Cognitorum (in Latin) 1. Leipzig, Germany: Breitkopf-Haertel. 1798. pp. 1–26.
- ^ Kummer P. (1871). Der Führer in die Pilzkunde (in German) (1 ed.). Zerbst, Germany: C. Luppe. p. 99.
- ^ Christiansen, A. L.; Rasmussen, K. E.; Høiland, K. (August 1984). "Detection of psilocybin and psilocin in Norwegian species of Pluteus and Conocybe". Planta Medica 50 (4): 341–343. doi:10.1055/s-2007-969726. PMID 17340325.
- ^ Ohenoja, E.; Jokiranta, J.; Mäkinen, T.; Kaikkonen, A.; Airaksinen, M. M. (Jul–Aug 1987). "The occurrence of psilocybin and psilocin in Finnish fungi". Journal of Natural Products 50 (4): 741–744. doi:10.1021/np50052a030. PMID 3430170.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pluteus_salicinus&oldid=625695502 |
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Broadleaved trees
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Fagus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Acer pseudoplatanus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Betula
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Ilex aquifolium
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Tilia
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Salix
Other: unusual host/prey
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 2 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.
Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.
See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
Guidance for identification
| License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Nick Durmuller, Nick Durmuller |
| Source | http://www.123pilze.de/DreamHC/Download/GrauerDachpilz.htm |
Guidance for identification
| License | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Nick Durmuller, Nick Durmuller |
| Source | http://www.123pilze.de/DreamHC/Download/SeidigerDachpilz.htm |